What are the signs and symptoms?
The following symptoms are common with endometriosis:
- painful periods (secondary dysmenorrhea)
- pain between periods
- lower abdominal pain
- lower back pain
- painful intercourse especially with deep penetration (dyspareunia)
- menstrual irregularity
- infertility
- nausea, vomiting, dizziness and fainting
- pain with bowel movements and/or urination
Your experience of endometriosis is unique to you. Symptoms can start very shortly after your first period or show up years later. One-third of women diagnosed with endometriosis have no symptoms at all. The remaining two-thirds will experience any number of complaints that may or may not be linked to the menstrual cycle.
As mentioned, pain is a common symptom of endometriosis. The severity of pain does not appear to be linked exclusively to how severe and extensive your endometriosis is. You may have a few tiny spots and suffer excruciating pain, while another woman with severe endometriosis can be entirely pain-free.
Where is endometriosis found?
Endometriosis can affect the organs and structures of the pelvis. That is:
- ovaries
- cul-de-sac (extension of the abdominal cavity, like a pouch, that lies between the rectum and the back of the uterus)
- uterus
- fallopian tubes
- lining of the pelvic cavity
- the gastrointestinal system and
- the internal area between the vagina and rectum
Endometriosis can also be found in the lungs, diaphragm, brain and the small and large bowel but this is very rare.
How is endometriosis diagnosed?
A definite diagnosis of endometriosis requires looking through a laparoscope at the internal organs as well as taking a sample of the endometrial tissues for analysis.
How is endometriosis treated?
There are many different treatments available for endometriosis. They range from medical treatments that include hormonal drugs and pain medications to surgical treatments.
Can endometriosis cause infertility?
Yes, approximately 30 to 40 percent of women with endometriosis experience infertility. Infertility is diagnosed after one full year of unprotected intercourse without conceiving. Infertility can also means not being able to carry a pregnancy to term.
Is endometriosis life-threatening?
Endometriosis is seldom life threatening. It can cause severe pain and infertility. Many women with endometriosis experience repeated hospitalizations and surgeries as well as prolonged medical treatments. Endometriosis can affect your ability to work, have children and your relationships with your partner, friends and family. | 
